Benign tumors

Malformations of the skin and its appendages are persistent changes in the body that go beyond the normal range. Skin defects usually occur in utero due to fetal developmental disorders, less often – after the birth of a child. Such pathological changes can cause impairment of relevant functions, so children with any developmental disabilities require special care.

Definitions such as “developmental abnormalities”, “dysplasia”, “congenital malformations” are often used in conjunction with the term “malformation”. The difference is that dysplasia and abnormal development are understood only as those defects in which the anatomical changes do not lead to significant dysfunction and do not distort the appearance of the child. Congenital skin defects are not uncommon today. It can be isolated or combined with abnormalities of other organs, or be part of any syndrome.

There are the following types of skin defects:

• Angiomas
• Connective tissue abnormalities
• Aplasia of the skin and subcutaneous tissue
• Congenital keratosis
• Congenital non-neoplastic nevus
• Dysplastic genodermatoses
• Mastocytosis
• Hereditary lymphedema
• Pigment incontinence
• Telangiectasia
• Ectodermal dysplasia

Congenital defects of the skin and its appendages are relatively common. They can be isolated, combined with damage to other organs, as well as part of certain syndromes.

According to clinical and morphological manifestations among congenital defects of the skin and its appendages distinguish:

• hair growth disorders,
• pigmentation,
• keratinization,
• dysplastic genodermatoses,
• connective tissue abnormalities, etc.