ECZEMA OF THE SKIN

Eczema (from the Greek ἔκεεμα – skin rash, ἐκωω – boil) is an acute or chronic non- infectious inflammatory skin disease characterized by rashes, burning, itching feeling, and a tendency to relapse.

Reasons
Among the causes of eczema, it is impossible to single out any one. It develops as a result of a complex effect on the body of neuroallergic, endocrine, metabolic and exogenous (external) factors.

The main role is played by:

• Hereditary predisposition to an allergic reaction;
• Immune disorders;
• Endocrine (hormonal) disorders;
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and mycoses of feet.

It is proved that a huge role in the occurrence of eczema, person’s state of mind plays. The development of eczema is triggered by stress, trauma, etc. In a situation of nervous exhaustion, eczema that has already existed, exacerbated – person scratches to the blood affected areas of skin.

Eczema in children can occur on the background of exudative diathesis and atopic dermatitis, starting from infancy;

Professional factors are job at metallurgical plants, chemical plants; pharmaceutical and food industries can cause the development of professional eczema. And usually the reaction to some specific substances that are used in progress does not occur immediately, but develops over time, but then becomes quite stable.

Treatment depends on the cause and form of eczema, for which it is recommended to consult a dermatologist. Currently, external forms of corticosteroid hormones are widely used in the treatment of eczema. Also, sometimes sedatives, vitamins (B1, B6, C, etc.), desensitizing drugs, etc., diet, balneology; local lotions, pastes, ointments, antipruritic agents are prescribed.

Antibiotic ointments are temporarily used for microbial eczema until the infection is removed as an irritant, but these ointments are contraindicated for fungal infections. Antihistamines are also used to temporarily relieve itching. Often eczema accompanies fungal infections (especially candidiasis), in such cases, antifungal treatment is simultaneously prescribed.

People who have eczema are not recommended to wear synthetic, flannel or wool underwear. Food should be rich in vitamins and include a variety of vegetable dishes, boiled meat, lactic acid products, and fruit (the consumption of oranges, tangerines, apricots, peaches, strawberries, raspberries, strawberries should be limited). Patients with eczema need to regularly visit a dermatologist during treatment and they cannot independently extend the recommended course of medications.